Read source passages and their interpretations here, or browse the full bibliography for additional works.
Cyprian of Carthage
Reads the coming kingdom as believers' future reign with Christ and also as Christ himself, whose advent they desire.
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Gregory of Nyssa
Argues that evil has a limit and human motion eventually turns toward good; relevant to restoration debates without equating it automatically with every universalist formulation.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Source. Translated by H.A. Wilson. From Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series, Vol. 5. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1893.) New Advent revised web edition.
Chapter XXI
Cyprian of Carthage
Interprets epidemic death through immortality and relief from future Antichrist persecution; historical pastoral reception, not independent evidence of imminent fulfillment.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Source. Translated by Robert Ernest Wallis. From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 5. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1886.) New Advent revised web edition.
Treatise 7, sections 15–16 and 21–22
Sarah Stewart
The study distinguishes Avestan and Pahlavi periods and examines differences between scholarly priestly reconstruction and living lay Zoroastrian beliefs about renovation.
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Attributed to Justin Martyr in host edition; authorship not independently established
Defends bodily resurrection against objections based on decay and bodily functions; says the future world need not reproduce present sexual functions. Attribution is preserved as an edition claim.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Translated by Marcus Dods. From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 1. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1885.) Revised for New Advent by Kevin Knight.
Chapters 1–3
Methodius
Surviving selections from Methodius defend bodily resurrection using analogies of rebuilding and recasting. They challenge the idea that the body is a prison to be permanently discarded.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Translated by William R. Clark. From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 6. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1886.) Revised for New Advent by Kevin Knight.
Part I, sections II–VI
Athenagoras
Argues that just judgment concerns the embodied person, making bodily resurrection necessary.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Source. Translated by B.P. Pratten. From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 2. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1885.) New Advent revised web edition.
Chapters 18–20
Benjamin Calamy; abridged and revised by John Wesley
Calamy argues that divine power can reassemble dispersed bodily matter at the resurrection. His sermon appears within the Wesley collection linked here.
Text available here
Why raise the same body? · commentary →
View cited source · ccel.org ↗Edition and location
CCEL electronic presentation of Sermons on Several Occasions, identified 1872 edition where stated; editorial notes not author text
Sermon 137; editorial attribution and opening 1 Corinthians 15:35 exposition
Tertullian
Opposes realized-resurrection claims by arguing that recognizable events and bodily resurrection remain future.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Source. Translated by Peter Holmes. From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 3. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1885.) New Advent revised web edition.
Discussion of Luke 21 and the still-unfulfilled Elijah, Antichrist and Babylon signs
Tertullian
Concludes its rejection of public spectacles with an imagined spectacle of the advent, resurrection and final judgment.
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Gregory of Nyssa
Frames the resurrection discussion through bereavement, the Teacher's response, and the apostolic prohibition on hopeless mourning; a dialogue.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Source. Translated by William Moore and Henry Austin Wilson. From Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series, Vol. 5. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1893.) New Advent revised web edition.
Opening dialogue following Basil's death
Augustine
Distinguishes the Son of Man visible to everyone at judgment from the vision of divine glory granted to the righteous.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Arthur West Haddan; NPNF, first series 3 (1887), New Advent revised transcription.
Book I, closing discussion of the visible Judge, sections 29-30
Hilary of Poitiers
Explains the final subjection of all things and distinguishes obedience from the abolition of hostile authority.
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Novatian
Offers final fiery judgment as one reading of the visionary fire and defends bodily resurrection through Christ's restored body.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Robert Ernest Wallis, Ante-Nicene Fathers 5 (1886), New Advent revised transcription.
Chapter 8; chapter 10 on bodily resurrection
Hayyim ibn Attar
The extended exposition develops conditional and appointed redemption, contrasting star and scepter, and discusses Davidic and Ephraimite messianic roles.
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Attributed to Constantine, transmitted with Eusebius
Uses the Sibylline acrostic and Virgil as witnesses to Christ, while explicitly acknowledging contemporary suspicion of Christian fabrication. Its defense of pre-Christian provenance is an argument requiring external evidence.
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Gregory of Nazianzus
Reads Gospel resuscitations as pledges of the final resurrection of all, while applying Easter renewal to present life. Opening cloud-rider scene is an oratorical construction explained by the introduction.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Charles Gordon Browne and James Edward Swallow, NPNF second series 7 (1894); New Advent revised HTML
Oration 45, Second Oration on Easter, I–II and XXVIII–XXX
Sarah Harvey and Mariëlle Hesselink
Traces a shift from surviving worldly catastrophe toward a claimed otherworldly transition and distinguishes several overlapping esoteric sources of authority.
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View cited source · cdamm.org ↗Edition and location
Web edition identified above
Introduction; Beliefs; Prophecy, Revelation, Millennialism through Eclectic Millennialisms
Jiddu Krishnamurti
Krishnamurti rejects organized spiritual dependence and dissolves the organization prepared for the World Teacher. This is an attributed public response to messianic expectation.
Text available here
Eighteen years waiting for the World Teacher →
His response and decision to dissolve the Order · commentary →
Why he rejects organized spiritual authority · commentary →
View cited source · kfoundation.org ↗Edition and location
Online English edition identified by URL; precise limits stated in inspection note
Speech paragraphs on eighteen years preparing for the World Teacher and dissolution
Zdeněk Vojtíšek
Documents the 1929 turning-point expectation, subsequent disappointment, differing later branches, and dispute about the 1949–1950 edition of the canonical book.
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View cited source · cdamm.org ↗Edition and location
Web edition identified above
Core Teachings; Millennialism and Ethnocentrism; Development after Founder's Death
Anonymous post-rabbinic work; named biblical or rabbinic speakers are literary attributions
Predicts deceptive kings, abandonment of hope, extreme taxation and a bounded period of oppression, interpreting Hosea 3 and Micah 5.
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View cited source · pages.charlotte.edu ↗Edition and location
John C. Reeves English translation; stated base: Jellinek, Bet ha-Midrasch 2:58–63, based on Sefer Avqat Rokhel, Amsterdam 1716, itself reprinting Rimini 1526
First sign and source introduction
Anonymous post-rabbinic work; named biblical or rabbinic speakers are literary attributions
Includes three worldwide rainbows, deceptive healers, blood rain and the rise of a Josephite Messiah; its first signs differ markedly from Otot ha-Masiah.
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View cited source · pages.charlotte.edu ↗Edition and location
John C. Reeves English translation; stated base: Genizah text published by Arthur Marmorstein, REJ 52 (1906), pp.176–186; translator also identifies Higger variant
Signs 1–8 and beginning of 9
Latter-day Saint — Community of Christ / Reorganized tradition
Community of Christ
Community of Christ’s official statements of Basic Beliefs.
Text available here
Community of Christ on the unknown hour and the work of peace · commentary →
View cited source · cofchrist.org ↗Edition and location
Community of Christ official website, Basic Beliefs: The Reign of God and End Time; inspected 11 September 2026.
Community of Christ official website, Basic Beliefs: The Reign of God and End Time; inspected 11 September 2026.
William Kelly
Distinguishes the gathering of the church from public manifestation, allowing an interval before the lawless one appears. The 1873 address interprets western political change as preparatory tendency and expressly declines to identify it with the final beast already present. Anti-Catholic identification remains Kelly’s interpretation.
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View cited source · stempublishing.com ↗Edition and location
STEM Publishing transcription
Lecture 1 opening and concluding argument; Prospects opening and conclusion, Destruction of Babylon by the Beast