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General Judaism

Daniel 12:1–13

Daniel · Daniel 12:1–13

Edition, transcription and reuse details

Jewish Publication Society, 1917; Mechon-Mamre electronic transcription

The 1917 JPS translation is identified as Public Domain by https://ebible.org/engjps/copyright.htm. Mechon-Mamre identifies its edition at https://www.mechon-mamre.org/e/et/et0.htm. Only underlying translated wording, not modern site annotations/layout, is supplied.

Earlier source selection

Daniel 12:1–3

1 And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince who standeth for the children of thy people; and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time; and at that time thy people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written in the book. 2 And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to reproaches and everlasting abhorrence. 3 And they that are wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn the many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever.
1 And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince who standeth for the children of thy people; and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time; and at that time thy people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written in the book. 2 And many of them that sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to reproaches and everlasting abhorrence. 3 And they that are wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn the many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever. 4 But thou, O Daniel, shut up the words, and seal the book, even to the time of the end; many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased.' 5 Then I Daniel looked, and, behold, there stood other two, the one on the bank of the river on this side, and the other on the bank of the river on that side. 6 And one said to the man clothed in linen, who was above the waters of the river: 'How long shall it be to the end of the wonders?' 7 And I heard the man clothed in linen, who was above the waters of the river, when he lifted up his right hand and his left hand unto heaven, and swore by Him that liveth for ever that it shall be for a time, times, and a half; and when they have made an end of breaking in pieces the power of the holy people, all these things shall be finished. 8 And I heard, but I understood not; then said I: 'O my lord, what shall be the latter end of these things?' 9 And he said: 'Go thy way, Daniel; for the words are shut up and sealed till the time of the end. 10 Many shall purify themselves, and make themselves white, and be refined; but the wicked shall do wickedly; and none of the wicked shall understand; but they that are wise shall understand. 11 And from the time that the continual burnt-offering shall be taken away, and the detestable thing that causes appalment set up, there shall be a thousand two hundred and ninety days. 12 Happy is he that waiteth, and cometh to the thousand three hundred and five and thirty days. 13 But go thou thy way till the end be; and thou shalt rest, and shalt stand up to thy lot, at the end of the days.'

On the timeline

1000 BCE010001500180019002000Approximately 167–164 BCE · critical dating · Prophecy given or recorded · A critical dating of Daniel’s final compositionHebrew 5118 · 1357–1358 CE · Predicted date · Abraham bar Ḥiyya: Daniel’s 1,290 years end in 5118, perhaps the redeemer’s comingAbout 1378 · “circa septuagesimum octavum annum” · Predicted date · Arnold of Villanova: Antichrist in the holy place about 1378Hebrew 5163 · 1402–1403 CE · Predicted date · Abraham bar Ḥiyya: Daniel’s 1,335 years end in 5163, perhaps the resurrection1656 · end of the 1,260 years · Predicted date · Tillinghast: the Beast’s reign ends with 16561688–1700 · Napier’s stated bounds · Predicted date · Napier: the day of judgment between 1688 and 17001694 · “In this year then, or sooner” · Predicted date · Alsted: the thousand years begin in 1694 or soonerAbout 1700 · stated as likely · Predicted date · Archer: Christ comes and the thousand years begin about 17001701 · “about forty seven, or forty eight years hence” · Predicted date · Tillinghast: Christ’s personal appearance and the thousand years in 17011825 · year of writing · Interpretation recorded · Irving reckons the 1335 days “when I now write,” 18251837 · “the present year” · Interpretation recorded · Cuninghame writes the Supplement to his Dissertation on the Seals and Trumpets15 September 1838 · date of writing · Interpretation recorded · Cuninghame writes on the great periods ending in 18381849 · first edition · Interpretation recorded · John Thomas publishes Elpis Israel1860 · Second Series published · Interpretation recorded · Cumming publishes his argument for an 1867 crisisAbout 1865 · end of the prophetic numbers · Predicted date · John Thomas: the time of the end and the 1335 conclude about 18651867 · expected crisis · Predicted date · Cumming: a crisis in 18671867 · fourth edition, revised · Interpretation recorded · John Thomas’s revised fourth edition of Elpis Israel1867 · end of the 1335 years · Predicted date · Cuninghame, 1837: the end of Daniel’s 1335 years in 1867By 1867 · end of the 1335 years · Predicted date · Cuninghame: the kingdom of God established on earth by 1867, the end of Daniel’s 1335 yearsAbout 1868 · revised from about 1865 · Predicted date · John Thomas (1867): the time of the end and the 1335 meet about 18681880 · first edition · Interpretation recorded · Paton’s Day Dawn reckons the 1335 yearsAugust 1880 · Zion’s Watch Tower · Interpretation recorded · “A Reason for the Hope” in Zion’s Watch TowerJanuary 1881 · Zion’s Watch Tower · Interpretation recorded · “How Long, O Lord?” in Zion’s Watch TowerBy the fall of 1881 · could be sooner · Predicted date · “A. D. J.”: the saints changed by or before the fall of 1881June 1887 · added to the pamphlet · Interpretation recorded · Baxter adds the 1901 dates to his pamphlet11 April 1901 · last day of Passover Week · Predicted date · Baxter, 1887: the end of this age on Thursday, 11 April 1901, last day of Passover Week1905 · end of forty years; kingdom follows · Predicted date · John Thomas: the kingdom of God after forty years, 19051908 · diagram; revised from 1905 · Predicted date · John Thomas (1867): forty years of trouble end in 1908, then the kingdomBefore 1914 · stated 1880 · Predicted date · Paton: the resurrection of the dead and the translation of the living church before 19141 September 1916 · semimonthly issue · Interpretation recorded · “The Harvest Is Not Ended” in The Watch Tower1918 · stated 1 September 1916 · Predicted date · The Watch Tower, 1916: the nominal Christian house is made desolate to 1918, parallel to A.D. 731923 · first edition · Interpretation recorded · Esslemont publishes his 1957 interpretationFebruary 1948 · eleventh printing · Interpretation recorded · The 1948 printing of Bahá’u’lláh and the New Era carries the Note on Revisions1957 · Esslemont’s calculation · Predicted date · 1957: Esslemont’s date for the reported promises of peace1963 · one hundred years from the Declaration in Baghdad · Predicted date · 1963: the revised New Era dates Daniel’s 1,335 days to the centenary of Bahá’u’lláh’s Declaration6 November 1990 · memorandum · Interpretation recorded · The Research Department responds to the dispute
All 36 dates for this reading
  1. Approximately 167–164 BCE · critical datingA critical dating of Daniel’s final composition Prophecy given or recorded
  2. Hebrew 5118 · 1357–1358 CEAbraham bar Ḥiyya: Daniel’s 1,290 years end in 5118, perhaps the redeemer’s coming Predicted date · stated 1120–1129Derives from The disciples of Elijah: the days of the Messiah are the world’s third two thousand years (Years 4001–6000 from creation · 240–2240 CE).
  3. About 1378 · “circa septuagesimum octavum annum”Arnold of Villanova: Antichrist in the holy place about 1378 Predicted date · stated 1297
  4. Hebrew 5163 · 1402–1403 CEAbraham bar Ḥiyya: Daniel’s 1,335 years end in 5163, perhaps the resurrection Predicted date · stated 1120–1129Derives from The disciples of Elijah: the days of the Messiah are the world’s third two thousand years (Years 4001–6000 from creation · 240–2240 CE).
  5. 1656 · end of the 1,260 yearsTillinghast: the Beast’s reign ends with 1656 Predicted date · stated 1654Tillinghast: Christ’s personal appearance and the thousand years in 1701 (1701 · “about forty seven, or forty eight years hence”) derives from this date.
  6. 1688–1700 · Napier’s stated boundsNapier: the day of judgment between 1688 and 1700 Predicted date · stated 1593
  7. 1694 · “In this year then, or sooner”Alsted: the thousand years begin in 1694 or sooner Predicted date · stated 1624
  8. About 1700 · stated as likelyArcher: Christ comes and the thousand years begin about 1700 Predicted date · stated 1641–1642
  9. 1701 · “about forty seven, or forty eight years hence”Tillinghast: Christ’s personal appearance and the thousand years in 1701 Predicted date · stated 1654Derives from Tillinghast: the Beast’s reign ends with 1656 (1656 · end of the 1,260 years).
  10. 1825 · year of writingIrving reckons the 1335 days “when I now write,” 1825 Interpretation recorded
  11. 1837 · “the present year”Cuninghame writes the Supplement to his Dissertation on the Seals and Trumpets Interpretation recorded
  12. 15 September 1838 · date of writingCuninghame writes on the great periods ending in 1838 Interpretation recorded
  13. 1849 · first editionJohn Thomas publishes Elpis Israel Interpretation recorded
  14. 1860 · Second Series publishedCumming publishes his argument for an 1867 crisis Interpretation recorded
  15. About 1865 · end of the prophetic numbersJohn Thomas: the time of the end and the 1335 conclude about 1865 Predicted date · stated 1849John Thomas (1867): the time of the end and the 1335 meet about 1868 (About 1868 · revised from about 1865) revises this date.
  16. 1867 · expected crisisCumming: a crisis in 1867 Predicted date · stated 1860Adopts Bickersteth: the completed Jewish restoration in 1867–8 and the full blessedness of the earth from 1868 (1867–8 · stated by 1841).Adopts Cuninghame, 1837: the end of Daniel’s 1335 years in 1867 (1867 · end of the 1335 years).
  17. 1867 · fourth edition, revisedJohn Thomas’s revised fourth edition of Elpis Israel Interpretation recorded
  18. 1867 · end of the 1335 yearsCuninghame, 1837: the end of Daniel’s 1335 years in 1867 Predicted date · stated 1837–1838Restates Cuninghame: the kingdom of God established on earth by 1867, the end of Daniel’s 1335 years (By 1867 · end of the 1335 years).Cumming: a crisis in 1867 (1867 · expected crisis) adopts this date.
  19. By 1867 · end of the 1335 yearsCuninghame: the kingdom of God established on earth by 1867, the end of Daniel’s 1335 years Predicted date · stated 1836Cuninghame, 1837: the end of Daniel’s 1335 years in 1867 (1867 · end of the 1335 years) restates this date.
  20. About 1868 · revised from about 1865John Thomas (1867): the time of the end and the 1335 meet about 1868 Predicted date · stated 1867Revises John Thomas: the time of the end and the 1335 conclude about 1865 (About 1865 · end of the prophetic numbers).
  21. 1880 · first editionPaton’s Day Dawn reckons the 1335 years Interpretation recorded“A. D. J.”: the saints changed by or before the fall of 1881 (By the fall of 1881 · could be sooner) derives from this date.
  22. August 1880 · Zion’s Watch Tower“A Reason for the Hope” in Zion’s Watch Tower Interpretation recorded
  23. January 1881 · Zion’s Watch Tower“How Long, O Lord?” in Zion’s Watch Tower Interpretation recorded
  24. By the fall of 1881 · could be sooner“A. D. J.”: the saints changed by or before the fall of 1881 Predicted date · stated January 1881Derives from Paton’s Day Dawn reckons the 1335 years (1880 · first edition).
  25. June 1887 · added to the pamphletBaxter adds the 1901 dates to his pamphlet Interpretation recorded
  26. 11 April 1901 · last day of Passover WeekBaxter, 1887: the end of this age on Thursday, 11 April 1901, last day of Passover Week Predicted date · stated June 1887Baxter: the Second Advent of Christ upon the earth on 23 April 1908 (23 April 1908 · last day of Passover Week) revises this date.
  27. 1905 · end of forty years; kingdom followsJohn Thomas: the kingdom of God after forty years, 1905 Predicted date · stated 1849John Thomas (1867): forty years of trouble end in 1908, then the kingdom (1908 · diagram; revised from 1905) revises this date.
  28. 1908 · diagram; revised from 1905John Thomas (1867): forty years of trouble end in 1908, then the kingdom Predicted date · stated 1867Revises John Thomas: the kingdom of God after forty years, 1905 (1905 · end of forty years; kingdom follows).
  29. Before 1914 · stated 1880Paton: the resurrection of the dead and the translation of the living church before 1914 Predicted date · stated 1880
  30. 1 September 1916 · semimonthly issue“The Harvest Is Not Ended” in The Watch Tower Interpretation recordedResponds to Russell expects the Kingdom’s universal rule by 1914 (1914 · stated limit; some events expected earlier).
  31. 1918 · stated 1 September 1916The Watch Tower, 1916: the nominal Christian house is made desolate to 1918, parallel to A.D. 73 Predicted date · stated 1 September 1916The Little Flock is glorified (Spring 1918) adopts this date.
  32. 1923 · first editionEsslemont publishes his 1957 interpretation Interpretation recorded
  33. February 1948 · eleventh printingThe 1948 printing of Bahá’u’lláh and the New Era carries the Note on Revisions Interpretation recorded
  34. 1957 · Esslemont’s calculation1957: Esslemont’s date for the reported promises of peace Predicted date · stated 19231963: the revised New Era dates Daniel’s 1,335 days to the centenary of Bahá’u’lláh’s Declaration (1963 · one hundred years from the Declaration in Baghdad) revises this date.The Research Department responds to the dispute (6 November 1990 · memorandum) responds to this date.
  35. 1963 · one hundred years from the Declaration in Baghdad1963: the revised New Era dates Daniel’s 1,335 days to the centenary of Bahá’u’lláh’s Declaration Predicted date · stated December 1950–1959Revises 1957: Esslemont’s date for the reported promises of peace (1957 · Esslemont’s calculation).The Research Department responds to the dispute (6 November 1990 · memorandum) responds to this date.
  36. 6 November 1990 · memorandumThe Research Department responds to the dispute Interpretation recordedResponds to 1963: the revised New Era dates Daniel’s 1,335 days to the centenary of Bahá’u’lláh’s Declaration (1963 · one hundred years from the Declaration in Baghdad).Responds to 1957: Esslemont’s date for the reported promises of peace (1957 · Esslemont’s calculation).

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