Timeline

Prophecy and interpretation through time

When prophecies were given, the dates people predicted from them, proposed fulfillments and later interpretations. Choose a view: the overview shows where the material lies, the chronicle reads century by century, life-lines follow one prophecy or one line of prediction, and said vs. expected shows how far ahead each prediction looked.

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525 dates

19th century

  1. Spring 1891 · reported

    Ghost Dance: the renewal of the earth expected in the spring of 1891, as reported by Mooney

    Predicted dateWovoka’s message of reunion and renewed lifeNorthern Paiute / Ghost Dance

    Dating basis

    Mooney: “The date universally recognized among all the tribes immediately prior to the Sioux outbreak was the spring of 1891.” He reports that the messiah “has set several dates” and that the expected event was the regeneration of the earth and the renewal of all life. Mooney’s summary.

    approximate_season

    Stated 1890. Mooney reports that the spring of 1891 was the date recognized by all the tribes immediately before the Sioux outbreak of 1890.

    Date reference ↗

  2. 1892 · old-calendar first month; day not specified

    The first revelation is assigned to Oomoto’s founding year

    Prophecy given or recordedOomoto’s first revelation: the world made newOomoto

    Dating basis

    The text heading supplies Meiji 25, old-calendar first month. This is a traditional reported setting; the institutional history describes later written materials and editorial assembly.

    Date reference ↗

  3. 1894 · eighth edition

    Baxter’s Future Wonders of Prophecy, eighth edition

    Prophecy given or recordedBaxter’s dates for 1903 and 1908General Christianity

    Dating basis

    Title page: “Eighth edition in 1894.” The preface is dated March 1894; this copy also prints a postscript of 1897.

    Year of the witnessed edition.

    Date reference ↗

  4. 1896

    Mooney publishes his account of Wovoka’s message

    Prophecy given or recordedWovoka’s message of reunion and renewed lifeNorthern Paiute / Ghost Dance

    Dating basis

    The title page of James Mooney’s Ghost-dance study dates this published account to 1896. The selected message is his edited English rendering.

    Date reference ↗

  5. 1897 · postscript

    Baxter’s postscript offers 1904–1911 as an alternative

    Interpretation recordedBaxter’s dates for 1903 and 1908General Christianity

    Dating basis

    Heading in the preface: “Postscript in 1897.”

    Year stated by the postscript heading.

    Date reference ↗

20th century

  1. 11 April 1901 · last day of Passover Week

    Baxter, 1887: the end of this age on Thursday, 11 April 1901, last day of Passover Week

    Predicted dateDaniel’s vision of resurrectionGeneral Judaism

    Dating basis

    “Passover Week in 1901 is indicated to be the Last Week of this Age, because its last day, which will be Thursday, April 11, in 1901, is exactly 45 years … from the last day of Passover Week in April, 1856.”

    Single day named by the source.

    Stated June 1887. The Christian Herald (New York) of 9 June 1887 announces Baxter’s pamphlet on the end of this age, “its Last Week Passover Week, Ending on Thursday, April 11, 1901.”

    Date reference ↗

  2. About 12 March 1903 · ascension of 144,000

    Baxter: 144,000 living Christians ascend without dying, about 12 March 1903

    Predicted dateBaxter’s dates for 1903 and 1908General Christianity

    Dating basis

    Title page: “Great Religious Revivals before the Ascension of 144,000 Christians without dying about March 12, 1903.” The table of contents adds “about 2-30 or 3 p. m.” on that Thursday. “About” is the source’s qualification.

    Single day named by the source, qualified “about.”

    Stated March 1894. Baxter dates the eighth edition of Future Wonders of Prophecy, whose title page names 12 March 1903, to March 1894, when he recalculated all its dates on a final seven years from Passover 1901 to Passover 1908.

    Date reference ↗

  3. October 1903 · Qadian

    Tadhkiratush-Shahadatain written and published

    Prophecy given or recordedGhulam Ahmad’s three-century limitIslam — Ahmadiyya

    Dating basis

    The 2010 summary volume: “This book … was written and published in October 1903.” The excerpt’s “this day” refers to the time of writing.

    Month of writing and publication as given by the publisher’s summary.

    Date reference ↗

  4. 1904 · 30th day of the 10th lunar month, Meiji 37

    Onisaburo’s chapter on the Miroku world is dated

    Prophecy given or recordedOomoto's coming world of peaceOomoto

    Dating basis

    The chapter’s colophon dates its writing to the 30th day of the 10th lunar month in Meiji 37 (1904). The chart uses the stated year.

    Date reference ↗

  5. 1904-07-28 · published interpretation

    Ellen G. White: White calls for a worldwide warning

    Interpretation recordedRevelation 13: the beast and its numberGeneral Christianity

    Dating basis

    Review and Herald, 28 July 1904, The World to Be Warned, paragraphs 1–23; complete article.

    Date reference ↗

  6. 15 November 1904 · semimonthly issue

    “Further Confirmation of Our Chronology” in Zion’s Watch Tower

    Interpretation recordedRevelation 20: the millennium and final judgmentGeneral Christianity

    Dating basis

    Running head of the issue: “November 15, 1904 Zion’s Watch Tower (342)”; the article continues on pp. 343–344.

    Date of the issue.

    Date reference ↗

  7. 1905

    Mirza Ghulam Ahmad writes The Will

    Prophecy given or recordedMirza Ghulam Ahmad’s promised second ManifestationIslam — Ahmadiyya

    Dating basis

    The official Ahmadiyya library dates al-Wasiyyat to 1905, including its promise of a second manifestation after the founder’s death.

    Date reference ↗

  8. 1905 · end of forty years; kingdom follows

    John Thomas: the kingdom of God after forty years, 1905

    Predicted dateDaniel’s vision of resurrectionGeneral Judaism

    Dating basis

    The paragraph says forty more years pass before the world is subject to Christ; the diagram above it labels this period “Time of trouble 40 years, or Israel’s second exodus, ending A.D. 1905,” followed by “Everlasting kingdom of Jesus Christ 1000 years.” 1905 is printed in the diagram, not in the paragraph.

    calendar_year

    Stated 1849. John Thomas published Elpis Israel in its first edition in 1849.

    Date reference ↗

  9. 1907 · English translation

    Barnett publishes the English translation of Nemi’s prediction

    Prophecy given or recordedKrishna’s future birth as AmameJain — Śvetāmbara

    Dating basis

    Original title page dates this English translation to 1907. This is an edition date.

    Date reference ↗

  10. 1907 · inspected edition

    Russell’s 1914 argument appears in this 1907 printing

    Prophecy given or recordedWhat Russell expected by 1914Christian — Bible Student

    Dating basis

    The scanned title page explicitly dates this 454,000 edition 1907. The work’s original 1889 copyright is a different date.

    Date reference ↗

  11. 1908 · diagram; revised from 1905

    John Thomas (1867): forty years of trouble end in 1908, then the kingdom

    Predicted dateDaniel’s vision of resurrectionGeneral Judaism

    Dating basis

    The diagram on p. 373 labels the period after 1868 “Time of trouble 40 years, or Israel’s second exodus, ending A.D. 1908,” followed by “Everlasting kingdom of Jesus Christ 1000 years.” The paragraph says forty more years pass before the world is subject to Christ. The 1849 diagram read 1905 (prediction-d10-modern-thomas-1905).

    calendar_year

    Stated 1867. John Thomas revised these dates in the fourth edition of Elpis Israel, printed at West Hoboken in 1867.

    Date reference ↗

  12. 23 April 1908 · last day of Passover Week

    Baxter: the Second Advent of Christ upon the earth on 23 April 1908

    Predicted dateBaxter’s dates for 1903 and 1908General Christianity

    Dating basis

    Title page: “the Second Advent of Christ upon the earth on the Last Day of Passover Week, April 23, 1908, and his Personal Reign over the Nations for 1000 years.” The preface calls Passover Week (April 16 to 23), 1908, “the End of this Age.”

    Single day named by the source.

    Stated January 1894. Baxter published the end of this age at Passover Week (April 16 to 23), 1908, in his pamphlet Great Events at Hand in January 1894, as he states in the preface to the eighth edition of Future Wonders of Prophecy (March 1894).

    Date reference ↗

  13. 1909 · published account

    Macauliffe publishes the Gobind Singh speech about English rule

    Prophecy given or recordedGobind Singh’s reported predictions about the Khalsa and the EnglishGeneral Sikhism

    Dating basis

    Publication of the inspected textual witness.

    Edition publication year

    Date reference ↗

  14. 1909 · published account

    Macauliffe publishes Teg Bahadur’s reported prison prediction

    Prophecy given or recordedTeg Bahadur’s reported vision of EuropeansGeneral Sikhism

    Dating basis

    Publication of the inspected textual witness.

    Edition publication year

    Date reference ↗

  15. 1911 · fourth edition

    The Reorganized Church publishes this edition of Briggs’s account

    Prophecy given or recordedBriggs expects Zion’s restoration and a successor from Joseph’s familyLatter-day Saint — Community of Christ / Reorganized tradition

    Dating basis

    Title page of the inspected volume.

    edition year

    Date reference ↗

  16. 1911

    Ellen G. White connects the Dark Day with Mark 13

    Interpretation recordedJesus’ discourse on the Mount of OlivesGeneral Christianity

    Dating basis

    White identifies the 1780 Dark Day with the darkened sun described in Mark 13:24.

    Date reference ↗

  17. 1911

    Ellen G. White connects the Leonid storm with falling stars

    Interpretation recordedJesus’ discourse on the Mount of OlivesGeneral Christianity

    Dating basis

    White identifies the 1833 meteor storm with falling stars in Matthew 24:29 and Revelation 6:13.

    Date reference ↗

  18. 1911 · 1,174,000 edition

    The 1911 printing of The Time is at Hand

    Interpretation recordedWhat Russell expected by 1914Christian — Bible Student

    Dating basis

    Title page: “1,174,000 Edition … International Bible Students Association … 1911.”

    Year of the printing.

    Date reference ↗

  19. Passover Week 1911 · conditional alternative

    Baxter’s 1897 postscript: the covenant seven years may run to Passover Week 1911

    Predicted dateBaxter’s dates for 1903 and 1908General Christianity

    Dating basis

    “If, however, the Ten Horns and Ten Toes prefigure also Ten Years for the Final Crisis from Passover Week, 1901, to Passover Week, 1911, then the Covenant Seven Years … may be from Passover Week, 1904, to Passover Week, 1911. Time will soon settle this question.” The preface makes the end of the covenant week “the End of this Age”. The source names Passover Week without a day; by Baxter’s reckoning (Passover Day, April 4, 1901; Passover Week, April 16 to 23, 1908) Passover Week 1911 is 13–20 April (15–22 Nisan 5671), an inference.

    Conditional alternative: Passover Week 1911. The source names the week, not its days; 13–20 April 1911 follows Baxter’s own reckoning of Passover Week (April 16 to 23 in 1908) and is an inference.

    Stated 1897. Baxter added the postscript on Passover Week 1911 in 1897.

    Date reference ↗

  20. 1914 · stated limit; some events expected earlier

    Russell expects the Kingdom’s universal rule by 1914

    Predicted dateWhat Russell expected by 1914Christian — Bible Student

    Dating basis

    The opening claim calls 1914 the farthest limit. The seven consequences distinguish events by that date from the Church’s glorification some time before the end of 1914; one point represents this linked set of expectations, not seven duplicate markers.

    stated_year_deadline

    Stated 1889. Russell first published The Time Is at Hand in 1889, as a special issue of Zion's Watch Tower, with the statement that 1914 is the farthest limit of the rule of imperfect men.

    Date reference ↗

  21. 1914 · publication of Field’s account

    Field publishes the reported predictions of Gobind Singh

    Prophecy given or recordedGobind Singh’s reported predictions about the Khalsa and the EnglishGeneral Sikhism

    Dating basis

    Field’s title page identifies John Murray, London, 1914. Her acknowledgement says the English versions of the prophecies came from Macauliffe.

    Date reference ↗

  22. 1914 · stated in 1880

    Zion’s Watch Tower, 1880: forty years of trouble end with the times of the Gentiles in 1914

    Predicted dateMatthew 13: parables of the kingdom and the harvestGeneral Christianity

    Dating basis

    “A period of 33 years of trouble—making with the preceding 7 years the 40 years of trouble or ‘Day of wrath’ ending with the times of the Gentiles in 1914, when the kingdom of God … will have broken in pieces and consumed all earthly kingdoms.” An earlier statement, in Russell’s monthly, of the 1914 date recorded from his 1889 book (queue7-russell1914).

    stated_year

    Stated August 1880. The statement appeared in Zion's Watch Tower, August 1880.

    Date reference ↗

  23. Before 1914 · stated 1880

    Paton: the resurrection of the dead and the translation of the living church before 1914

    Predicted dateDaniel’s vision of resurrectionGeneral Judaism

    Dating basis

    “The exact time … we do not pretend to know, but think we have good reason for believing that they will have taken place before “The time of the end” has expired, or before 1914.”

    Deadline year: the end of the time of the end in 1914.

    Stated 1880. J. H. Paton’s The Day Dawn, published at Pittsburg by A. D. Jones in 1880, states the expectation.

    Date reference ↗

  24. 1914 · end of the 2520 years

    Paton, 1880: Gentile dominion ends and God’s kingdom becomes universal in A.D. 1914

    Predicted dateJesus’ discourse on the Mount of OlivesGeneral Christianity

    Dating basis

    “We purpose to give our reason for fixing upon A. D. 1914, as the limit of Gentile dominion, and as the point from which God’s kingdom will be supreme upon the earth.” “From B. C 606, where the period began, until the end of A. D. 1914, is 2520 years.”

    The year 1914; the 2520 years run “until the end of A. D. 1914.”

    Stated 1880. J. H. Paton’s The Day Dawn, published at Pittsburg by A. D. Jones in 1880, gives the argument in its chapter “Times of the Gentiles.”

    Date reference ↗

  25. Near the end of 1915 · printed by 1911

    Russell’s Time is at Hand, 1911 printing: the full establishment of the Kingdom of God near the end of A.D. 1915

    Predicted dateWhat Russell expected by 1914Christian — Bible Student

    Dating basis

    “We consider it an established truth that the final end of the kingdoms of this world, and the full establishment of the Kingdom of God, will be accomplished near the end of A.D. 1915.” The 1907 printing reads “by the end of A. D. 1914” in this sentence.

    Year named; the source says near its end.

    Stated 1910–1911. The 945th thousand of The Time is at Hand (1910) still reads “at the end of A. D. 1914”; the 1,174,000 edition of 1911 reads “near the end of A. D. 1915.”

    Date reference ↗

  26. 1 September 1916 · semimonthly issue

    “The Harvest Is Not Ended” in The Watch Tower

    Interpretation recordedDaniel’s vision of resurrectionGeneral Judaism

    Dating basis

    Masthead: “Brooklyn, N. Y., September 1, 1916, No. 17”; the page carrying the parallels is headed “September 1, 1916.”

    Issue publication date.

    Date reference ↗

  27. 1 April 1917 · published text

    Shinreikai publishes the first revelation

    Prophecy given or recordedOomoto’s first revelation: the world made newOomoto

    Dating basis

    The host’s issue metadata identifies Shinreikai, issue 46, p. 1, dated 1 April 1917. The institutional history independently describes publication in April 1917.

    Date reference ↗

  28. 1917-07-13

    Lucia’s reported date of the Fatima vision

    Prophecy given or recordedFatima: the bishop in whiteChristian — Catholic

    Dating basis

    Lucia’s later written account dates the vision to 13 July 1917.

    Date reference ↗

  29. 1918 edition

    The Finished Mystery publishes its revised prediction

    Prophecy given or recordedThe Finished Mystery’s dated expectationsChristian — Bible Student

    Dating basis

    Publication year of the 1918 edition.

    Date reference ↗

  30. 1918 · inspected edition

    Cunningham’s translated reply appears in this edition

    Prophecy given or recordedNanak’s reported reply to KarunGeneral Sikhism

    Dating basis

    Publication of the inspected textual witness.

    Edition publication year

    Date reference ↗

  31. Passover 1918 · season named by the text

    Nominal Zion’s travail at Passover

    Predicted dateThe Finished Mystery’s dated expectationsChristian — Bible Student

    Dating basis

    The displayed 1918 edition separately predicts Nominal Zion’s travail at Passover 1918 and a kingdom in 1925. The source connects this to destructive action by fallen angels.

    named_season_within_year

    Stated July 1917–1918. The Finished Mystery was first published in July 1917, when it was sent to all Watch Tower subscribers; these words stand in the 1918 printing, which carries the 1917 copyright.

    Date reference ↗

  32. Early 1918

    The Finished Mystery expects a symbolic earthquake

    Predicted dateRevelation 11: the two witnessesGeneral Christianity

    Dating basis

    The Rev 11:13 exposition explicitly expects the symbolic “earthquake” early in 1918. Early year is shown broadly as January–April.

    approximate_part_of_year

    Stated July 1917–1918. The Finished Mystery was first published in July 1917, when it was sent to all Watch Tower subscribers; these words stand in the 1918 printing, which carries the 1917 copyright.

    Date reference ↗

  33. 1918 · revised American edition

    Christian Herald edition of Forty Prophetic Wonders

    Interpretation recordedThe seven bowls of wrathGeneral Christianity

    Dating basis

    Copyright 1918, The Christian Herald, New York; “our second edition.” Also dates the preface’s explanation of the calendar.

    Year of the witnessed edition.

    Date reference ↗

  34. 1918 · stated 1 September 1916

    The Watch Tower, 1916: the nominal Christian house is made desolate to 1918, parallel to A.D. 73

    Predicted dateDaniel’s vision of resurrectionGeneral Judaism

    Dating basis

    Table: “A. D. 36—73 | A. D. 1881—1918 … he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation or utter destruction.” The article adds that April A.D. 73 “would correspond to April 1918.”

    End year of the parallel period 1881–1918.

    Stated 1 September 1916. The Watch Tower of 1 September 1916 prints the parallels ending in 1918.

    Date reference ↗

  35. Spring 1918

    The Little Flock is glorified

    Predicted dateThe Finished Mystery’s dated expectationsChristian — Bible Student

    Dating basis

    The source explicitly anticipates spring 1918.

    approximate_season

    Stated July 1917–1918. The Finished Mystery was first published in July 1917, when it was sent to all Watch Tower subscribers; these words stand in the 1918 printing, which carries the 1917 copyright.

    Date reference ↗

Durations and conditions

Some passages give a span of time, a relative deadline or a condition. Explore those expressions here, with the words and context that define them.

Clear filters

112 timing expressions

General Judaism · Duration

“A. D. J.”: seven years of temple building from 1874

Seven years from the autumn of 1874

the time of building is seven years

The seven years of Solomon’s temple building are applied to the period from Christ’s presence in the autumn of 1874, giving the fall of 1881.

Zion’s Watch Tower, January 1881 · Article “How Long, O Lord?” signed “A. D. J.”, Zion’s Watch Tower, January 1881, pp. 4–5 (reprint [180]–[181]), from “The laying of the foundation-stone” through “the time given for building.”

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General Christianity · Relative deadline

“This generation”

Before this generation passes

[34] Verily I say unto you, This generation shall not pass away, till all these things be accomplished.

Matthew records this relative expression without defining it as a fixed count of years. Interpretations of the generation and the events remain attached to the source passage.

Gospel according to Matthew

Read these words in the passage → Source edition ↗

Jewish / Christian — Shared scriptures · Condition

A warning to those who reject Southcott’s words

Fatal consequences for denying the woman’s words

confess the Woman true, or fatal now will it be for you all that deny her words

Within her claimed divine answer, Southcott adds a conditional threat to people who deny her words. It is an attributed warning beyond the Genesis interpretation.

A Communication Given to Joanna in Answer to Mr. Brothers’s Last Book · Joanna Southcott · introductory account and claimed divine answer

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General Judaism · Maximum interval

Arnold, writing in 1297: the present age ends before two centuries are completed

Before two centuries are completed

priusquam duo centenaria compleantur, status presentis seculi finietur

Arnold, writing when “we now count 1297 years from the Lord’s coming”, says the state of the present age will end before two centuries are completed.

De tempore adventus Antichristi · Arnold of Villanova, De tempore adventus Antichristi (1297), as printed by H. Finke, Aus den Tagen Bonifaz VIII. (1902), pp. CXXXI–CXXXII; English translation by Rainbow Watch (2026)

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General Latter-day Saint · Condition

Cannon: no return until the Saints obey the earlier order

Until the Saints obey the revelation on consecration

until we did obey that the privilege of going back

Cannon reports what he had been taught: the return to Jackson County and the temple promised for “this generation” would wait until the Saints obeyed the early revelation on living as one family.

George Q. Cannon on the temple to be reared in this generation · George Q. Cannon, as reported by David W. Evans, 8 October 1874; Journal of Discourses 17, pp. 232–233, two paragraphs from “If then, my brethren and” through “in the beginning to obey.”

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General Christianity · Alternative durations

Colin Deal: forty years from 1948, or seventy or eighty from 1918

A forty-year generation from 14 May 1948, or a seventy- or eighty-year generation from the Balfour Declaration of 1918

each brings us near the same termination point

Deal reads the fig tree as Israel and says the generation that sees its rebirth will see Christ’s return. He sets out a forty-year generation from 1948 and a seventy- or eighty-year generation from 1918, says “each brings us near the same termination point,” calls the length and starting point “open for speculation,” and concludes that the generation that will witness the return “is none other than our own.”

The Day and Hour Jesus Will Return · Colin Deal, The Day and Hour Jesus Will Return (Colin H. Deal, 1988), pp. 89–92; short excerpt of six paragraphs.

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General Judaism · Duration

Daniel’s closing periods

1,290 days and 1,335 days

11 And from the time that the continual burnt-offering shall be taken away, and the detestable thing that causes appalment set up, there shall be a thousand two hundred and ninety days. 12 Happy is he that waiteth, and cometh to the thousand three hundred and five and thirty days.

The passage connects its count with removal of the continual offering and the setting up of the detestable thing.

Daniel

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