Read source passages and their interpretations here, or browse the full bibliography for additional works.
Cyprian of Carthage
Collects scriptural passages identifying Christ as future judge and king, including Revelation and Matthew's judgment scene.
Bibliography entry · Read at the cited source
Theodore M. Burton; Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Presents Daniel’s stone, Elijah and restitution expectations as pointing to Joseph Smith’s restoration and the preparation for Christ’s return. Broad assertions about other Christian beliefs are the speaker’s polemic, not neutral historical conclusions.
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Neil L. Andersen; The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Combines wars and disasters with an optimistic restoration narrative and an appeal to courage.
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Terry Kleeman
Explains early Celestial Masters expectations of disasters followed by Great Peace.
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View cited source · goldenelixir.com ↗Edition and location
The Encyclopedia of Taoism, edited by Fabrizio Pregadio, Routledge, 2008; Golden Elixir online reproduction.
Opening overview and Origins and Early History, including numbered beliefs
Anthony Strano
Sets 5,000-year cycle and incorporeal divine intervention alongside human transformation; reframes destruction as ongoing accelerating systemic change and attributes prior date expectations to some members.
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Harold Camping
Harold Camping’s 2005 chronology of the Bible from creation in 11,013 B.C. to A.D. 2011, published by Vantage Press and distributed free by Family Radio. Its preface reinterprets 1994, the year of his earlier book 1994?, as the start of a final harvest, and it names 2011 as the likely year of the end and the fall of 2011 as its likely season.
Text available here
Harold Camping in 2005: Christ came in 1994 to begin completing the evangelization; the end in the fall of 2011 · commentary →
View cited source · may-212011.com · PDF ↗Edition and location
Harold Camping, Time Has An End: A Biblical History of the World 11,013 B.C.–A.D. 2011 (New York: Vantage Press, copyright 2005 by Harold Camping), second printing, ISBN 0-533-15169-4, in the PDF distributed by Family Radio (496 pages, created 11 December 2008; Chapter One replaced by the line “Chapter One is being revised and currently not available”), at https://www.may-212011.com/downloads/TimeHasAnEnd.pdf. Preface pp. xiv–xv (two paragraphs, from “About thirteen years ago”) and p. xxii (one paragraph, from “If this world”); chapter 10, pp. 419–420 (from “Given all of the foregoing information” through “the fall of A.D. 2011.”, with two omissions). PDF pages 15, 23 and 412–413. Taken from the PDF text and checked against the rendered pages; line-end hyphenation joined; whitespace normalized; […] marks omissions. Collated with the Vantage Press second printing (Internet Archive lending item timehasendbiblic0000camp) from the user’s screenshots of the copyright page and pp. xi–xv, xxii and 418–420: identical.
Preface pp. xiv–xv and xxii; pp. 419–420
Glenford Mitchell; notes prepared by Raymond Jeffords, edited by Greg Watson
Reads September 11 as a warning and promise within integration/disintegration processes; distinguishes governments' political peace work from spiritual transformation. Applies Shoghi Effendi's terrorism language retrospectively.
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View cited source · bahai-library.com ↗Edition and location
Authorized posting of transcribed notes, Bahai Unity Center Atlanta; archive HTML
Opening through America's mission discussion; exclude appended editor-selected texts from speaker attribution
Commentary
Multiple contributors; selected editorial unsigned
An early Latter-day Saint newspaper; the selected editorial responds to millennial date-setting and reprints another newspaper’s argument.
Text available here
An 1842 newspaper challenges the expected millennium · commentary →
View cited source · josephsmithpapers.org ↗Edition and location
1 October 1842, pp.940–941; unsigned editorial introduction and God’s Ways Are Equal reprinted from the Boston Olive Branch. Joseph Smith Papers historical transcription; modern editorial notes excluded.
1 October 1842, pp.940–941
Nalini Balbir
Collates variant future Tirthankara identities and explains their karmic framework rather than a unique savior model.
Text available here
Why Krishna’s future birth follows punishment · commentary →
View cited source · jainqq.org ↗Edition and location
Aspects of Jainology, volume III contribution, Jain Quantum transcription
Printed pp. 34–42, 46–49; canonical/later lists, ethics and conclusion
Nammalvar; S. Satyamurthi Ayyangar translator
Devotional verse expects Kalki after earlier avatars; translation note interprets the future avatar as continued divine care.
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Theophilus of Antioch
Defends general resurrection through natural analogies and presents judgment according to deeds.
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Cyprian of Carthage
Explains disasters through divine judgment and asserts the end is near while rejecting pagan blame of Christians.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
Source. Translated by Robert Ernest Wallis. From Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 5. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. (Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1886.) New Advent revised web edition.
Treatise 5, sections 5 and 23
Menasseh ben Israel
Petitions for Jewish residence and worship in England; the second motive explicitly relates Daniel 12:7 to completing dispersion everywhere before messianic restoration, with England the outstanding destination. Economic and religious-liberty motives coexist with this expectation.
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View cited source · gutenberg.org ↗Edition and location
1655 English pamphlet reset in Lucien Wolf, ed., Menasseh ben Israel's Mission to Oliver Cromwell (1901), Project Gutenberg 62562
Printed pp. 75–80, opening address and Declaration of the Motives, especially second motive
Classic Maya scribes of Tortuguero; reading by Sven Gronemeyer and Barbara MacLeod
A Classic Maya inscription from Tortuguero, Tabasco. It refers to the completion of the thirteenth Bak’tun, 13.0.0.0.0, in 2012; Gronemeyer and MacLeod also cite other references to that date.
Text available here
Tortuguero Monument 6 and 13.0.0.0.0 →
Augustine of Hippo
Distinguishes present spiritual resurrection through faith from future bodily resurrection and judgment.
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View cited source · newadvent.org ↗Edition and location
John Gibb, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, first series 7 (1888), New Advent revised transcription.
Tractate 19, sections 8–10 and 14–18, on John 5:24–29
Arnold of Villanova
Treatise of 1297 (with a part of 1300) by the physician Arnold of Villanova on the time of Antichrist’s coming, condemned by Paris theologians. Excerpts printed by Heinrich Finke in 1902 place Antichrist about the seventy-eighth year of the fourteenth century.
Text available here
Arnold of Villanova: Antichrist about the seventy-eighth year of the fourteenth century · commentary →
Arnold of Villanova: Antichrist about the seventy-eighth year of the fourteenth century · commentary →
View cited source · archive.org ↗Edition and location
Arnold of Villanova, Tractatus de tempore adventus Antichristi (first part 1297), excerpts printed from Cod. Vat. lat. 3824, fol. 50 ff., in Heinrich Finke, Aus den Tagen Bonifaz VIII.: Funde und Forschungen (Münster: Aschendorff, 1902), Quellen, pp. CXXXI–CXXXII (Internet Archive ausdentagenboni00finkgoog, leaves n450–n451). Transcribed from the page images. Finke’s spelling of the manuscript (abhominatio, terre illus, videlicat) retained; his errata (p. CCXXXII) correct “videlicat” to videlicet, and his footnote says “septuagesimum octavum” stands on a correction in the manuscript. Finke’s ellipses retained; his footnote markers omitted; German-style quotation marks as printed. Followed in the note by a new AI-assisted English translation (Rainbow Watch, 2026), labelled as such.
Finke ed. pp. CXXXI–CXXXII
Joseph Wolff
Joseph Wolff’s autobiography in two volumes (London, 1860), dictated and narrated in the third person. It says he long ago gave up fixing dates for unfulfilled prophecy and regrets having named 1847.
Text available here
Wolff in 1860: he gave up fixing dates and regrets 1847 · commentary →
View cited source · archive.org ↗Edition and location
Travels and Adventures of the Rev. Joseph Wolff, D.D., LL.D., 2 vols. (London: Saunders, Otley, and Co., 1860). Narrated in the third person; the preface says Wolff dictated it “aloud in a family circle” with verbal revision assisted by Mrs. Alfred Gatty. Internet Archive scans b29351972_0001 and b29351972_0002 (Wellcome Library), page images inspected: vol. I, p. 402, from “Napier made a mistake here.” through “the errors here alluded to.”; vol. II, pp. 128–129, from “He also talked of their friends in England” through “Because I was a great ass.” Line-end hyphenation joined; spaces before semicolons and colons closed; whitespace normalized.
Vol. I, p. 402; vol. II, pp. 128–129
Hemacandra; translated by Helen M. Johnson
Hemacandra’s work recounts the lives of sixty-three illustrious figures in Jain tradition. Its Mahavira narrative includes accounts of coming decline and an oppressive ruler called Kalkin.
Text available here
Kalkin persecutes the monks →
Time measured from Mahavira’s nirvana · commentary →
The monks’ response · commentary →
View cited source · wisdomlib.org ↗Edition and location
Helen M. Johnson translation, Wisdom Library transcription
Mahavira-caritra chapter XIII, parts 5–7 (fifth spoke, Kalkin, sixth spoke)
Louis Marie de Montfort
Interprets Mary’s future role and describes the missionaries who will act in the latter times.
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View cited source · montfort.org.uk ↗Edition and location
Montfort Missionaries English text,1987, published on the Company of Mary site.
Sections49–59, Mary’s role and apostles of the latter times
Jacob ben Asher
The star imagery is interpreted as a Messiah who gathers dispersed Israel and has authority beyond Israel.
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Fatima Tofighi
Distinguishes ritual waiting, Babi-Azali reception of constitutional revolution, and political-philosophical reinterpretations by Motahhari, Khomeini, Shariati and Fardid.
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View cited source · cdamm.org ↗Edition and location
Critical Dictionary of Apocalyptic and Millenarian Movements, English online edition
Introduction through State Discourses on the Mahdi
Andrew Fergus Wilson
Interprets Lyssa Royal Holt’s expected collective evolution and reintegration into a cosmic whole. Provides an adjacent renewal model.
Bibliography entry · Read at the cited source
Michael Blume
Discusses failed landing and apocalypse dates, Ashtar postponement explanations and Heaven’s Gate as examples of responses to disconfirmation.
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Anonymous Zoroastrian treatise; B. N. Dhabhar translator
First treatise discusses57years before resurrection and end of evil; alternate version names successive restorers and expanding scripture before final renewal.
Text available here
Three restorers before the resurrection →
Blochet’s reference for Bahrâm Amâvand · commentary →
Blochet’s reference for Bahrâm Amâvand · commentary →
Two readings of “words on this matter” · commentary →
Two readings of “words on this matter” · commentary →
An alternative reading of the closing sentence · commentary →
An alternative reading of the closing sentence · commentary →
View cited source · avesta.org ↗Edition and location
Dhabhar1932English, Avesta.org transcription
Dhabhar Persian Rivayats437ff; MU II72–80 and alternate80–86, especially latter34–40